India Pale Ale (IPA) is one of the most popular and recognisable beer styles in the world, known for its bold hop flavours, aromatic character and refreshing bitterness. Originally developed in England, IPA has evolved into a global favourite, particularly within the craft beer movement. In the UK, IPA beer is widely enjoyed by those looking for something more flavourful than traditional lagers, offering everything from crisp citrus notes to juicy tropical flavours.
What Is IPA Beer?
An IPA (India Pale Ale) is a style of beer that is defined by its use of hops. Hops give the beer its bitterness, aroma and flavour, which often include citrus, pine, floral and tropical fruit notes.
Compared to standard lagers, IPA beers are typically:
- More aromatic
- More flavourful
- More bitter
They are usually golden to amber in colour and can vary in strength and intensity.
History of IPA
IPA originated in England during the 18th century. Brewers increased the amount of hops and alcohol in pale ales to help preserve the beer during long sea journeys to India. This style became known as India Pale Ale.
In recent decades, IPA has been revived and reinvented by craft brewers, particularly in the United States, before becoming hugely popular again in the UK.
Types of IPA
There are several popular variations of IPA, each with its own character:
- West Coast IPA
Clear, crisp and strongly bitter, with pine and citrus hop flavours. - New England IPA (Hazy IPA)
Cloudy in appearance, with juicy tropical fruit flavours and a softer bitterness. - Session IPA
Lower in alcohol but still full of hop flavour, making it easy to drink. - Double IPA (DIPA)
Stronger and more intense, with higher alcohol and bold hop bitterness.
What Does IPA Taste Like?
IPA beers are known for their bold and complex flavours, including:
- Citrus (lemon, grapefruit, orange)
- Tropical fruits (mango, pineapple)
- Pine and resin
- Floral notes
The finish is often bitter and refreshing, although some modern IPAs are softer and fruitier.
What Is the Alcohol Content of IPA?
Most IPA beers fall within the following range:
- Session IPA: 3.0% – 4.5% ABV
- Standard IPA: 5.0% – 6.5% ABV
- Double IPA: 7.0% – 9.0%+ ABV
Popular IPA Beers in the UK
Some well-known IPAs available in the UK include:
- BrewDog Punk IPA
- Camden Town Brewery IPA
- Beavertown Neck Oil (session-style IPA)
Food Pairings
IPA pairs well with bold and flavourful foods, such as:
- Spicy dishes (curries, Mexican food)
- Burgers and grilled meats
- Strong cheeses
IPA vs Other Beers
- IPA vs Lager - IPA is more bitter and flavourful, while lager is lighter and crisper.
- IPA vs Pale Ale - IPA typically has stronger hop flavour and higher alcohol content than pale ale.
Is IPA Suitable for Vegetarians & Vegans?
Most IPA beers are suitable for vegetarians, and many modern craft IPAs are vegan-friendly. However, it’s always best to check individual brands for confirmation.